IiBar zeAnchor kuYilo lweBeam: Ukuqonda indima yabo ekuQiniselweni

Kummandla wobunjineli bolwakhiwo, ii-anchor bars zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekomelezeni umqadi. Banikezela ngenkxaso efunekayo kunye nokuzinza kwimiqadi, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuqina kwezakhiwo eziphathekayo. Esi sikhokelo sibanzi sijonga ukubaluleka kwee-anchor bar kuyilo lwe-beam, sinika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kwiingcali kunye nabanomdla ngokufanayo.

Ziziphi iiBar zeAnchor ekuQiniselweni kweBeam?

Imivalo ye-anchor yintsimbi yentsimbi esetyenziselwa kwiiplanga zekhonkrithi eziqinisiweyo ukubonelela ngenkxaso eyongezelelweyo kunye nokuzinza. Zibekwe ngobuchule ukukhulisa imfezeko yesakhiwo se-beam, ngakumbi kwiindawo eziphantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Iimpawu eziphambili:

• Izinto:Ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngentsimbi ephezulu.
• Ukubekwa:Ibekwe kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo ngaphakathi komqadi.
• Umsebenzi:Yenza njengezomelezo zoxinzelelo ukuze umelane namaxesha okugoba.

Ukuqonda indima yee-anchor bars kubalulekile kuye nabani na obandakanyekayo kuyilo kunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo eziphathekayo.

Kutheni le nto ii-Anchor Bars zibalulekile kubuNjineli boLwakhiwo?

Kubunjineli bezakhiwo, ukhuseleko kunye nokuqina kwesakhiwo kubaluleke kakhulu. Imivalo yeeankile inegalelo elikhulu kule miba ngoku:

• Ukubonelela ngokuQinisa:Zomeleza umqa kwimikhosi yoxinzelelo.
• Ukwandiswa kweSakhono soMlayisho:Imivalo yee-anchor yandisa ukukwazi komqadi ukuthwala imithwalo.
• Ukuthintela iintsilelo kuLwakhiwo:Banciphisa imiba efana nokuqhekeka kunye nokuphambuka.

Ngokubandakanya ii-anchor bars, iinjineli ziqinisekisa ukuba imiqadi inokumelana neemfuno ezibekwe phezu kwayo.

IiBar ze-Anchor zibonelela njani ngenkxaso kwiMiqadi?

Imivalo yee-ankile ixhasa imiqadi ngokubekwa kwayo ngobuchule kunye nokusebenzisana nezinye izinto zokuqinisa.

• Ukuxhathisa iTension:Imivalo yee-ankile ibekwe apho amandla oxinzelelo aphezulu kakhulu, amaxesha amaninzi ezantsi komqadi.
• Ubude beAnchorage:Ubude bebhar efakwe kwikhonkrithi inika amandla ayimfuneko ebhondi.
• Amaxesha okugoba:Bachasana namaxesha okugoba ngokubonelela ngamandla okuqina ngokuchasene nomthwalo osetyenziswayo.

Lo mfanekiso ubonisa indlela iintsimbi zentsimbi, eziquka ii-anchor bars, ezicwangciswe ngaphakathi kwebhali yekhonkrithi ukubonelela ngokuqiniswa ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukuqonda iiKhowudi zoYilo lweeBha zeAnchor

Iikhowudi zoyilo zizikhokelo eziyimfuneko eziqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokungaguquguquki kulwakhiwo.

• Imigangatho yoReferensi:Iikhowudi ezifana ne-ACI (i-American Concrete Institute) okanye i-BS (iMigangatho yaseBritani) ibonelela ngeenkcukacha zoyilo lwebha ye-anchor.
• Ubude boPhuhliso:Iikhowudi zichaza ubude obuncinane obufunekayo kwi-anchorage eyaneleyo.
• Ububanzi beBar kunye neSithuba:Imigangatho incoma iidayamitha ezifanelekileyo kunye nesithuba ukufezekisa amandla afunekayo.

Umzekelo:Ngokutsho kweKhowudi ye-ACI, ubude bophuhliso buxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana namandla ekhonkrithi, ibakala lentsimbi, kunye nobubanzi bebha.

Imiba eqhelekileyo eneeBar ze-Anchor kunye nezisombululo zazo

Phezu kwazo nje iingenelo zazo, imivalo yeankile inokuzisa ucelomngeni oluthile.

Imiba:

• Ubude beAnchore obunganelanga:Kukhokelela ekunganeleni kokuqina kobudlelwane.
• Ukubekwa ngendlela engafanelekanga:Inokubangela uxinzelelo kunye nobuthathaka besakhiwo.
• Ukonakala kweeBha zentsimbi:Ibeka esichengeni isidima sokomelezwa.

Izisombululo:

• Namathela kwiiKhowudi:Ngalo lonke ixesha ulandela iikhowudi zoyilo ukumisela ubude obufanelekileyo kunye nokubekwa.
• Izinto ezisemgangathweni:Sebenzisa imivalo yentsimbi enganyangekiyo.
• Ukuhlohla ngokufanelekileyo:Qinisekisa ukuba iibha zibekwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye zikhuselwe ngexesha lokwakha.

Iimpendulo kwiMibuzo eQhwayo ebuzwa malunga neeBha zeAnchor

Umbuzo: Yintoni injongo yokugoba iintsimbi iankile eziphelweni?

A:Imivalo ye-ankile egobayo, eyaziwa ngokuba ngamagwegwe, yandisa ubude be-anchorage ngaphakathi kwekhonkrithi, iphucula ibhondi phakathi kwentsimbi kunye nekhonkrithi.

Umbuzo: Ubala njani ubude bophuhliso lwebha yeankile?

A:Ubude bophuhliso bubalwa kusetyenziswa iifomyula ezinikezelwe kwiikhowudi zokuyila, ngokuqwalasela izinto ezifana nobubanzi bebha, amandla ekhonkrithi, kunye namandla emveliso yentsimbi.

Umbuzo: Ngaba iintsimbi iankile zinokuthintela iintanda kwimiqadi?

A:Ewe, ii-anchor eziyilwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zibekwe zinceda ukusasaza amandla oxinzelelo, ukunciphisa amathuba okuqhekeka ngenxa yamaxesha okugoba.

Ukubala Ubude obufunekayo kwiiBar zeAnchor

Ukumisela ubude obuchanekileyo beentsimbi ze-ankile kubalulekile.

Izinto Emaziqwalaselwe:

• IBar Diameter (d):Iidayimitha ezinkulu zifuna ubude obude bophuhliso.
• Amandla eConcrete (f'c):Amandla aphezulu avumela ubude obufutshane.
• IBanga leNsimbi (fy):Amandla esivuno esiphezulu asenokufuna uhlengahlengiso.
• iBond Conditions:Nokuba ibha ikwi-tension okanye uxinzelelo luchaphazela izibalo.

Umzekelo wefomula:

Ld=ϕ×fy×d4×τbLd=4×τb ϕ×fy×d

Apho:

• LdLd= Ubude bophuhliso
• ϕϕ= Into yokunciphisa amandla
• fyfy= Ukomelela kwentsimbi
• dd= Ibhadamitha yebha
• tbτb= Yila uxinzelelo lwebhondi

Phawula:Ngalo lonke ixesha ubhekisele kwikhowudi yoyilo efanelekileyo yezibalo ezichanekileyo.

IiNgcebiso eziGqwesileyo kuYilo lweBha ye-Anchor kunye nokuPhunyezwa

Ukuphumeza ii-ankile bar ngokufanelekileyo kubandakanya ukubambelela kwezona zenzo zilungileyo.

• Uyilo oluchanekileyo:Yenza izibalo ngokucokisekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiikhowudi zangoku.
• Izinto ezisemgangathweni:Sebenzisa imivalo yentsimbi yezinga eliphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukuqina.
• Ukuhlohla ngokufanelekileyo:Umsebenzi wezakhono ubalulekile ekubekweni ngokuchanekileyo.
• Ukubeka iliso rhoqo:Hlola ukuqiniswa ngaphambi nangexesha lokugalela ikhonkrithi.

Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezithembekileyo ezifanaIiadaptha zeShankiqinisekisa ukuchaneka ngexesha lofakelo, igalelo kumgangatho jikelele wesakhiwo.

Ukujoyina uMbutho woBunjineli boLwakhiwo

Ukusebenzisana noluntu lobunjineli kuphucula ulwazi kunye nophuhliso lobungcali.

• IiForam kunye neeNgxoxo:Thatha inxaxheba kwiiforam ze-intanethi zokuxoxa ngemiba kwaye ufumane iimpendulo.
• Imibutho yobuNgcali:Joyina amaziko afana ne-ASCE okanye imibutho yobunjineli yasekhaya.
• Imfundo eqhubekayo:Yiya kwiindibano zocweyo kunye neesemina ukuze uhlale uhlaziyiwe malunga nenkqubela phambili yeshishini.

Ukuqukumbela

Imivalo yee-ankile ibalulekile kwingqibelelo yesakhiwo semiqadi yekhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo. Ukuqonda umsebenzi wabo, uyilo, kunye nokuphunyezwa ngokufanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba izakhiwo zikhuselekile, zihlala zihleli, kwaye ziyahambelana nemigangatho yobunjineli. Ngokubambelela kwiikhowudi zoyilo kunye nezenzo ezigqwesileyo, iinjineli zinokusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo imivalo yeankile ukuqinisa imiqadi kunye nokuthintela ukusilela kwisakhiwo.

Kwimivalo yeankile ekumgangatho ophezulu kunye nemathiriyeli yokuqinisa, cinga ngokuphonononga uluhlu lwethu lweIiankile zentsimbi ezinemisontokwayeIiBar zeAnchor. Iimveliso zethu zenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe, ukunika izisombululo ezithembekileyo kwiimfuno zakho zokwakha.